Khartoum – Thousands of Sudanese protesters rallied Sunday to mark three years since the start of mass demonstrations that led to the ouster of strongman Omar al-Bashir, as fears mount for the democratic transition.
Authorities shut off bridges linking the capital Khartoum with its twin city Omdurman in anticipation of a large turnout.
Political parties and neighbourhood committees had said they were mobilising people to demonstrate against military chief General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, who launched an October 25 coup followed by a bloody crackdown.
Thousands turned out in both Khartoum and Omdurman Sunday, shouting slogans against Burhan and his deputy Mohamed Daglo, also known as Hemeti, witnesses said.
The generals had initially detained civilian leader Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok, but reinstated him on November 21.
ALSO READ | Sudan braces for new protests three years after revolution
The move alienated many of Hamdok’s pro-democracy supporters, who dismissed it as providing a cloak of legitimacy for Burhan’s coup.
Hamdok, who has argued he wants to avoid further bloodshed, warned in a late Saturday statement of “the country’s slide toward the abyss,” urging restraint from the protesters.
“We’re facing today a sizeable regression in the path of our revolution that threatens the security of the nation, its unity and its stability,” he said.
Protest organisers have however vowed, in a key slogan, “No negotiation, no partnership and no legitimacy”.
Previous protests against the military takeover have been forcibly dispersed by the security forces. Nationwide, at least 45 people have been killed and scores more wounded, according to the independent Doctors’ Committee.
Military in ‘complete control’
December 19 has a particular resonance in Sudanese history.
Not only was it the day in 2018 when thousands launched mass protests that ended Bashir’s three decades in power, it was also the day in 1955 when Sudanese lawmakers declared independence from British colonial rule.
Following Bashir’s ouster, a joint military-civilian transitional government took power but the troubled alliance was shattered by Burhan’s coup.
“The coup has put obstacles in the way of the democratic transition and has given the military complete control over politics and the economy,” Ashraf Abdel-Aziz, chief editor of the independent Al-Jarida newspaper, told AFP.
ALSO READ | Sudan youth radio gagged for 6 weeks after coup
Sudan’s military dominates lucrative companies specialising in everything from agriculture to infrastructure projects.
The prime minister said last year that 80 percent of the state’s resources were “outside the finance ministry’s control”.
“The security apparatus has won out over political institutions. The success of a democratic transition rests on political action being the driving force,” Abdel-Aziz said.
Khaled Omer, a minister in the ousted government, said the coup was a “catastrophe” but also “an opportunity to rectify the deficiencies” of the previous political arrangement with the army.
He warned that anything could happen over the next few months with the military still firmly in power.
“If the main political actors don’t get their act together and the miliary establishment doesn’t distance itself from politics… then all scenarios are on the table,” Omer said.
Gains unravelling
The November 21 agreement also set July 2023 as the date for Sudan’s first free elections since 1986.
Hamdok said he partnered with the military to “stop the bloodshed” that resulted from its crackdown on protests, and so as not to “squander the gains of the last two years”.
But those achievements have been unravelling, as the political turbulence in Khartoum rekindles conflicts in Sudan’s far-flung regions that Hamdok’s government had made a priority to resolve.
ALSO READ | Sudan police fire tear gas as thousands protest
A peace deal it signed with key rebel groups in South Sudan’s capital Juba last year saw the main conflict in Darfur subside, but the region remains awash with weapons and nearly 250 people have been killed in ethnic clashes over the past two months.
Some of the Arab militias – that Bashir’s government used as a counter-insurgency force in its infamous campaign in the early 2000s against ethnic minority rebels – have been integrated into the security apparatus.
Critics say the deal did nothing to bring them to account.
Follow African Insider on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram
Source: AFP
Picture: Getty Images
For more African news, visit Africaninsider.com
